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Split Screen / Dual Gantt Chart

A feature required by almost any planning and scheduling application is the ability to keep the data of two different models or two different sections of the same model in synch while scrolling horizontally. The FlexGantt framework includes a Dual Gantt Chart that is capable of doing exactly that. The user can split / unsplit the Gantt chart at any time. A horizontal divider can be used to resize the upper and lower part. Timeline objects can be dragged from one to another.

Relationships

It is quite common that timeline objects have some kind of relationship with each other. Project planning software for example often defines constraints between them. Some examples for constraints are: 'start after', 'finish before', 'same start', 'same end'. FlexGantt can visualize them by drawing lines betwen them. Each application has its own way of visualizing them (different colors and / or line styles for different constraints). By plugging in a custom relationship renderer it is possible to implement any kind of relationship rendering.

Lazy loading

Depending on the application type the volume of data that needs visualization can be rather massiv. In these situations a user interface can only be fast and responsive if it uses a 'lazy loading' approach, which means that data will only be transferred from the server (or database) to the client when the user actually requests it. FlexGantt has been designed from the ground-up to support lazy loading. Example: objects that implement the tree table expansion listener interface will receive an event before the tree expands so that the child nodes of the expanding parent node can be loaded. The paging model is another example for infrastructure that supports lazy loading.

Model-View-Controller (MVC)

FlexGantt follows the same MVC approach that Swing is using. Several different models are used for various purposes. A calendar model keeps track of holidays and weekends. A paging model supports the user in loading different planning horizons, a bookmark model stores the application- and user-defined bookmarks. The primary model, however, the one that feeds the Gantt chart component with data is the Gantt chart model. It is an extension of a tree table model so that it can populate the left-hａnd side of the Gantt chart with data (the left-hａnd side is a tree table). It also returns so-called timeline objects that are displayed on the right-hａnd side underneath the timeline. Timeline objects represent activities, tasks, events, milestones, pretty much anything that can be placed on a timeline because it can be associated with a time point or a time span. The following graphic depicts the structure of a Gantt chat model.

Bookmarks

Users have become more and more used to the concept of bookmarks. FlexGantt supports them as well and users can use them to quickly adjust the timeline settings, so that a specific time point, granularity and horizon will be shown in the Gantt chart. The defined bookmarks are listed in a menu in the naviagtion controls. Small preview images of the bookmarked time span will be shown if the control key is down when the user clicked on the menu button.

Layers

FlexGantt uses a very unique layering approach that is known from graphics and mapping applications. Each Gantt chart consists of a set of system layers, which provide the core functionality (e.g. a drawing vertical grid lines) and a set of layers dedicated to rendering timeline objects (activities, events, milestones, ...). The picture below depicts the layer stack. Applications can add as many timeline object layers as they like, allowing them to easily group objects and show or hide them all at once. Layers also support transparency so that overlapping timeline objects can be easily identified.

Drag & Drop Grid

Timeline objects can be dragged and resized horizontally and dragged vertically. An invisible grid can be enabled during these drag & drop operations so that a timeline object can be more easily placed at a specific time. The grid gets controlled by a policy, which means that any kind of grid can be implemented. The default grid policy can be configured to make timeline objects snap to anything from millenium, centuries, decades, years, months, weeks, days, all the way to milliseconds.

Policy controlled behaviour

Scheduling applications vary too a large extent in the way they visualize information, edit data, and respond to user interaction. FlexGantt's policy framework can be used to tailor the Gantt charts to these variations. Policies are small little decision makers and usually do not contain a lot of code. They are also stateless. In many cases they return flags (booleans) and commands only. The flags are used to control the program flow, while the commands are used to perform the actual modification of data (via a commａnd stack with undo and redo capabilities).

Pluggable Renderers & Editors

Swing defines several renderer and editor classes that are used for its UI components such as tree, table or list. FlexGantt does the same and defines renderers for tree table cells, column headers, popups, dateline models, timeline objects, eventline objects. Editors are available for tree table cells and timeline objects. A timeline object editor gets displayed in a transparent window within the right-hａnd side of the Gantt chart (in-place editing, see picture below)

Paging

If a scheduling application needs to deal with a large amount of timeline objects then it often makes sense to divide the timeline horizon into several pages / time spans. This way the data gets broken into smaller chunks that the Gantt chart can deal with more easily. The paging model manages the individual pages. It can be queried for the current page, the previous page, the next page, the first page, and the last page. The user interface provides a control that can be used to select individual pages.

Popups / Annotations

A bar underneath a timeline is a nice representation for an activity but it can only carry a limited number of information due to space restrictions. Popups / annotations that show up when the mouse cursor hovers over such a bar is a nice feature that can display a wealth of additional information that the planner might need to make a scheduling decision. FlexGantt's popups can be customized in the same way that any Swing component can be customized. Different renderers can be mapped to different types of popup objects. The popup objects are looked up from a specialized popup policy. The image below shows the default popup renderer that displays popup objects in its serialized form.

Printing

A plan shown in a Gantt chart is a document and every document needs to be printable. The built-in printing support for FlexGantt lets the user specify a time span and a granularity to be printed (see picture below). The resulting chart can be printed on several pages wide and high.

Commａnd framework

FlexGantt provides a small but powerful commａnd framework. It is used to support editing operations that can be undone and redone. The framework consists of commands, a commａnd stack, a commａnd stack listener and a progress monitor. Commands are executed, undone and redone via the Gantt chart, which internally uses a replaceable commａnd stack. Commands are executed in their own thread in order to keep the user interface responsive. Commａnd stack events are issued during the execution of the command. Progress monitors are used to display the progress made by a command. Sub-progress monitors are used for compound commands that consist of several other commands. Once a commａnd has finished execution it will be added to the commａnd stack‘s list of undoable commands. This list will be cleared when a commａnd gets executed that can not be undone. The commａnd framework uses a high level of abstraction so that an already existing commａnd infrastructure (legacy code) can be reused.

Multiline

The multiline feature enables a Gantt chart to display timeline objects within the same row but above and below each other. This way timeline objects that would otherwise overlap each other can be displayed without problems.

Variable row heights

Each row in a FlexGantt chart can have its own height. This feature is very useful when the nodes in the tree table represent different types of objects or if a quantity is associted with each node. In this case the row height can reflect this quantity (e.g. the capacity of a resource).

Multi-column sorting

The tree table on the left-hａnd side of the Gantt chart supports multi-column sorting, which means that the user can select several tree table columns at the same time and the data in the table will be sorted based on this selection. FlexGantt uses a quicksort algorithm for fast sorting and supports ascending and descending sorting.

Calendar Model

The calendar model provides data for the Gantt chart related to weekends, holidays, or any other kind of special time span. Entries in the calendar model are rendered across the entire height of the layer container (right-hａnd side). The most prominent example for the use of the calendar model is the definition of those days that are considered weekend. The background of weekend days will grayed out.

Autoscrolling

If a FlexGantt chart updates its 'time now / system time' frequently then it sometimes makes sense to make the application focus on this time. When autoscrolling is enabled then the time now cursor (a vertical dashed line) will remain in the center of the layer container even when time progresses. This is a very useful feature when an application has more of a monitoring function then an interactive scheduling function.

Customizable Tmeline

Each application has its own requirements for the timeline. Some require the week of the year to be shown next to the date, others want to show the number of the day in the year (for example 'day 241'). The timeline has been designed with flexibility in mind. Its model can be replaced, its renderers can be replaced, even the entire timeline can be substituted with a custom subclass.